General Information

  • ID:  hor002231
  • Uniprot ID:  P08025
  • Protein name:  Insulin-like growth factor I
  • Gene name:  IGF1
  • Organism:  Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
  • Family:  Insulin family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  NA
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Rattus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea, Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires, Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005158 insulin receptor binding; GO:0005159 insulin-like growth factor receptor binding; GO:0005178 integrin binding; GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005496 steroid binding; GO:0008083 growth factor activity; GO:0030297 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity; GO:0043539 protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity; GO:0048018 receptor ligand activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0001649 osteoblast differentiation; GO:0001666 response to hypoxia; GO:0001775 cell activation; GO:0001932 regulation of protein phosphorylation; GO:0001974 blood vessel remodeling; GO:0002683 negative regulation of immune system process; GO:0003230 cardiac atrium development; GO:0006417 regulation of translation; GO:0007399 nervous system development; GO:0007565 female pregnancy; GO:0007584 response to nutrient; GO:0007613 memory; GO:0007623 circadian rhythm; GO:0008283 cell population proliferation; GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation; GO:0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation; GO:0009408 response to heat; GO:0009612 response to mechanical stimulus; GO:0010001 glial cell differentiation; GO:0010033 response to organic substance; GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression; GO:0010560 positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process; GO:0010613 positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy; GO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression; GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression; GO:0010648 negative regulation of cell communication; GO:0010656 negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process; GO:0014070 response to organic cyclic compound; GO:0014823 response to activity; GO:0014834 skeletal muscle satellite cell maintenance involved in skeletal muscle regeneration; GO:0014896 muscle hypertrophy; GO:0014902 myotube differentiation; GO:0014904 myotube cell development; GO:0014911 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; GO:0021930 cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation; GO:0021940 positive regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation; GO:0023057 negative regulation of signaling; GO:0030166 proteoglycan biosynthetic process; GO:0030307 positive regulation of cell growth; GO:0030324 lung development; GO:0030335 positive regulation of
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005614 interstitial matrix; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0031091 platelet alpha granule; GO:0035867 alphav-beta3 integrin-IGF-1-IGF1R complex; GO:0042567 insulin-like growth factor ternary complex; GO:0043025 neuronal cell body; GO:0070382 exocytic vesicle; GO:0098794 postsynapse; GO:0098978 glutamatergic synapse; GO:0099013 neuronal dense core vesicle lumen

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  GPETLCGAELVDALQFVCGPRGFYFNKPTGYGSSIRRAPQTGIVDECCFRSCDLRRLEMYCAPLKPTKSA
  • Length:  70
  • Propeptide:  MGKISSLPTQLFKICLCDFLKIKIHIMSSSHLFYLALCLLTFTSSATAGPETLCGAELVDALQFVCGPRGFYFNKPTGYGSSIRRAPQTGIVDECCFRSCDLRRLEMYCAPLKPTKSARSIRAQRHTDMPKTQKEVHLKNTSRGSAGNKTYRM
  • Signal peptide:  NA
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation.
  • Mechanism:  Binds to the alpha subunit of IGF1R, leading to the activation of the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity which autophosphorylates tyrosine residues in the beta subunit thus initiatiating a cascade of down-stream signaling events leading to activation of the PI3K-AKT/PKB and the Ras-MAPK pathways. Binds to integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA6:ITGB4. Its binding to integrins and subsequent ternary complex formation with integrins and IGFR1 are essential for IGF1 signaling. Induces the phosphorylation and activation of IGFR1, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK1/ERK2 and AKT1
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  6-48; 18-61; 47-52
  • Structure ID:  AF-P08025-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor002231_AF2.pdbhor002231_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 892380 Formula: C336H528N94O99S7
Absent amino acids: HW Common amino acids: GCLPR
pI: 8.1 Basic residues: 9
Polar residues: 25 Hydrophobic residues: 20
Hydrophobicity: -20.71 Boman Index: -11253
Half-Life: 30 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 64.14
Instability Index: 5898.71 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 4845
Absorbance 280nm: 70.22

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  2538424
  • Title:  Primary Structure of Rat Insulin-Like Growth factor-I and Its Biological Activities